Nursing Care for Chronic Bronchitis Patients with Nursing Problems of Ineffective Airways Clearance

Abstract

Chronic bronchitis is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with its prevalence increasing due to exposure to cigarette smoke, air pollution, and environmental factors. This condition is characterized by bronchial inflammation and excessive mucus buildup, resulting in ineffective airway clearance. If not optimally managed, this condition can weaken hypoxic tissue, trigger cardiopulmonary complications, and reduce the patient's quality of life. The role of nurses is crucial in providing interventions based on evidence-based practices to prevent disease progression. This study uses a case study approach through the stages of assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation in chronic bronchitis patients at RSUD X. The patient's appearance results in shortness of breath, ineffective cough, excessive sputum production, and activity intolerance. The diagnosis of bleeding that was confirmed was ineffective airway clearance and nutritional deficit. Interventions included airway management (semi-Fowler's position, effective coughing techniques, warm hydration, and collaboration of bronchodilators and expectorants) and nutritional management. The evaluation showed improved breathing patterns, decreased dyspnea, decreased phlegm, and improved nutritional status. In conclusion, maintenance with airway management and nutritional interventions has been shown to be effective in improving airway clearance in patients with chronic bronchitis, and plays an important role in preventing complications and meeting oxygen needs.